Women Corner

Freckles are very common, especially on paler skin and are simply areas of the skin which have darker concentrations of the pigment melanin. Freckles can appear when the skin is exposed to strong sunlight and there are two basic types:

• Ephelides – the name comes from the Greek word for freckle ‘ephelis’ and is a light brown or red skin marking that appears in summer and tends to fade and disappear again in the winter.
• Lentigines – this name comes from the Latin word for lentil ‘lens’, and these are more permanent skin markings that do not disappear in winter. These types of freckles commonly appear in childhood and can fade slightly with age, but they can also develop in later life as well and they are referred to then as ‘liver spots’ or ‘age spots’.

Freckles are not an unattractive feature and are in most cases totally harmless, but some people may feel that they would like prominent freckles removed. This may be because they wish to have smoother, more evenly toned skin (some freckles can be quite bumpy and unevenly shaped) or maybe because they are worried that the freckle could develop into a more harmful kind of spot, a melanoma. Freckles can indeed be a precursor to melanomas, which can become cancerous and therefore harmful to be body, but you should be able to spot those freckles which could be a problem as they will change in some way such as suddenly becoming very sore or growing in size, and then it is time to go and see your doctor to get it checked out.

Freckle Removal
There are several ways in which freckles can be removed safely, but the most common procedure these days is to use surgical lasers, which can remove the freckle precisely without damaging the surrounding tissues. This type of minor surgery can be carried out under local anaesthetic in just a few minutes, and as the wound is quite small it should heal quickly and easily on its own, with very little aftercare needed.

Cryosurgery can also be used to remove freckles and this involves using liquid nitrogen to freeze the freckle so that it can be easily removed, however this does involve some damage to the surrounding tissues and a slightly bigger wound, and so it not often used these days as lasers are so much more accurate.

Freckle Prevention
One of the best ways to avoid freckles is to keep out of intense sunlight, and always use a high factor sun cream during the summer when you are out of doors, even if it is just for 10 minutes or so. This will help to prevent ephelides from forming, and can also help to reduce the risks of freckles developing into more harmful spots.

If your family has a history of skin cancer and melanomas then it is a good idea to have a check up once a year with a
dermatologist to ensure all of your freckles are healthy and safe.

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